chandra aur saurmas ke samanvay
se upja adhik mas
bhartiya panchangon men varsh ki ganna
saurmas se aur mah ki ganna
chandramas dvara hoti hai. chunki ek
saur varsh 365 din v chandravarsh 354
din ka hota hai, is prakar chandravarsha
ki tulna men saur varsh 11 din adhik
bara hai, is antar ka samanvay karne
ke lie pratyek dhai varsh bad ek
chandramas ki vriddhi kar di jati hai.
yah barha hua chandramas hi adhik
mas kahlata hai.
pratham amantamas hi ashuddh mas hai-
adhik mas ki ganna amant mas
adharit panchangon men satik baithti hai.
in panchango men jo sankranti vihin
pratham mas hota hai, vahi adhik
mas ya ashuddhamas kahlata hai tatha
iske pashchat jo dvitiya mas hota
hai, vah shuddhamas kahlata hai. amanta
mas adharit panchangon men chandramas
ka praranbh shukla paksh ki pratipda se
hota hai, tatha iski samapti krishna
paksh ki amavasya ko hoti hai. do
amavasyaon ke madhya ka samay (30
tithi) arthat ek amavasya se
dvitiya amavasya tak ek chandramas
hota hai. pratyek chandramas men ek surya
sankranti hoti hai. do amavasyaon ke
madhya jab koi surya sankranti n ho to
aisa amant mas adhik mas ya
malmas kahlata hai.
nyunatam 27 mah bad ata hai
adhik mas
30 tithiyon ka ek chandramas hota
hai evan 360 tithiyon ka ek chandra varsha
hota hai kintu saurmas ki ganna se
371 tithiyon ka ek saur varsh hota
hai. is prakar saur varsh se chandra varsha
11 tithi chota hai. 11 tithiyon ka
yah adhishesh barhta-barhta lagbhg
sarhe 32 mahinon men ek chandramas
ke barabar ho jata hai. yah adhik
mas ki madhyaman (aust) ganna
hai. spashtaman se do adhikmason men
kam se kam 27 mahine evan adhik se
adhik 35 mahinon ka antar hota hai.
malmas men varjit karya
adhik mas ashuddh samay ya
malmas hone ke karan is mahine
men vividh kamya karm jaise- garbhadhan,
vivah, upanayan adi sanskar, yagya,
devapratishtha, tuladan, kupakhanan,
tirth yatra tatha vibhinn prakar ke
rangarang mahotsav nahin karna chahiye.
janmotsav bhi adhik mas men varjit
hai.
varsh shraddh adhikmas men karen
pratyek varsh men mata-pita ki
marn-tithi par ap jis prakar
varshik shraddh karte a rahe hain,
vaisa hi shraddh adhik mas men bhi
vah tithi upasthit hone par karna
chahiye. purnimant paddhati ko manne
vale uttarabhartiyon ke pitron ka
varsh shraddh yadi asharh krishn paksh men
parta ho to ve pratham asharh krishna
paksh ki vah tithi ane par kar
sakte hain. jinki mrityu pichle
varsh asharhmas men hui ho to
unka pratham varshik shraddha
adhik asharhmas men karna hi
shastra sammat hai.
malmas hua purushottama
narad puran ke anusar - prachinkal
men sarvapratham adhikmas ki utpatti
hui. us mas ko surya sankranti
n hone ke karan ‘malmas’ kaha
gaya hai. vah svami rahit malmas
dev-pitar adi ki puja tatha mangl
karyon ke liye agrahya mana gaya.
lok ninda se vah atyant dukhit ho
gaya. vah adhir hokar bhatkta hua
bhagvan vishnu ke lok vaikunth men pahunch
gaya. ashrupat karta hua bhagvan
vishnu se bola -‘‘kripanidhan ! mera
nam malmas hai, sansar ke logon ne
mera tiraskar kar diya hai. ab main
apki sharan men hun. he kripa sindhu!
mera uddhar karo.
aisa kahakar malmas bhagvan vishnu
ke charnon men gir para. malmas
ko sharnagat hua dekhakar bhagvan
vishnu bole - ‘‘vats ! tum mere
sath go lok chalo, jo yogiyon ke
liye bhi durlabh hai. jahan par sabke
svami bhagvan purushottam shrikrishna
chinmay (divya) rup se virajman
hain. vahan pahunchne par hi tumhara dukh
dur hoga.’’
malmas ko sath liye bhagvan
vishnu ne golok men pahunchakar bhagvan
shrikrishn ke nivas jyotidham ko
dekha. us jyotidham ke divyatej
se bhagvan vishnu ke netra band ho gaye.
gop-gopikaon ke samuday se ghire
shrikrishn ko dekhakar vishnuji ne unhen
shraddha se pranam kiya. bhagvan vishnu
ne malmas ko shrikrishn ke charnon men
natamastak karvaya aur bole- ‘‘yah
adhikmas arkasankraman se rahit ho
jane ke karan malin ho chuka hai.
shastravihit punya karm ke ayogya
hone ke karan, svami rahit iski
sabne ghor ninda ki hai. he hrrishikesh
! apke atirikt dusra koi bhi
iske mahan klesh ka nivaran nahin
kar sakta. kripya ise santap ki
pira se mukt kijiye. bhagvan
shrikrishn ne kaha- vishno! ab main ise
apne tulya karta hun. mujhmen jitne
sadgun hain, un sab ko aj se mainne
malmas ko saunp diye hain. mera nam
jo vedshastra aur lok men vikhyat
hai, aj se usi ‘purushottama’ nam
se yah bhutal par prasiddh hoga aur
main svayan iska svami ho gaya hun.
jis parmdham golok men pahunchne ke
liye yogi, muni kathor tapasya men
rat rahte hain vahi durlabh pad purushottama
mas men snan, pujadi anushthan
karne vale ko sugmta se prapt ho
sakega. ‘‘jo koi shraddha-bhakti se
purushottam mas ki puja karta hai
marnoprant use golok ki prapti
hoti hai aur vahan pahunchakar vah
shrikrishn ka sannidhya prapt karta hai.
is prakar adhik mas barh
mahinon men sarvottam hone se
purushottam mas bana tha.
purushottamamas men purushottam ki
puja-
purushottam mas sarvadhik pavitra aur
sarvashreshth hone se bhagvan shrikrishn ka
dhyan, bhajan, pujan karna chahiye.
is mahine men shrimadbhagavat gita ya
puran ka nitya path karna mahan
punyadayak hota hai.
shriradhikaji sahit purushottama
shrikrishn ka dhyan-smaran karte huye
is mantra ka jap karna chahiye.
govarddhanadharan vande gopalan goprupinam.
gokulotsavamishanan govindan
gopikapriyam..
(maharshi kaundinya)
purushottam mas ki amavasya, purnima
tatha donon purushottami ekadshiyon
ko vrat, pujan evan dan karne
se malinta v daridrata dur hoti
hai tatha marnoprant golok aur
purushottam bhagvan shri gopal krishna
ki sayujyata prapt hoti hai.